This is the last letter He might certainly be regarded as an offender against the law which prohibited the propagation of a new and illicit religion among the citizens of Rome. AUTHOR: Continue Learning about Religious Studies. The and the time of my departure has come. The ancient method, though still the regular and legal system, was rapidly becoming obsolete in practice. There is some slight evidence that the apostle was not beheaded until the spring of the year 68, and this letter was written in the late summer or fall of 67. Innumerable schools, colleges, societies and institutions have been named for this great apostle. There is no mention of Titus or of any preaching on Crete in Acts 27 . Through the dust and tumult of that busy throng, the small troop of soldiers threaded their way silently, under the bright sky of an Italian midsummer. To him be the glory for ever and ever. Thank you for these wonderful letters that encourage us to this end, until the Day dawns and every shadow flees away. Ezekiel warns of the conquest of Jerusalem, Ezekiel's vision of idolatry in the Temple, Ezekiel speaks through prophesies and parables, Further prophecies & the fall of Jerusalem, Hope for the future - New life for Israel, 45. According to extrabiblical church tradition, Timothy remained in Ephesus for the rest of his life, until he was martyred for his faith. taken back to Rome and beheaded at his second Paul's Letters to Galatia & Thessalonica, The risen Lord Jesus appears to his followers, Christ's Victory Parade & the New Covenant, 15. He desires him to come to Rome to him before winter and bring with him several things which he left at Troas. The accusers, with their witnesses, would be already on the spot; and on this occasion he was not to be tried by the Emperor in person, so that another cause of delay, which was often interposed by the carelessness or indolence of the Emperor, would be removed. coming from Paul. Such was the court before which Apostle Paul was now cited. Scripture quoted by permission. . Paul refers to him in the letter to Philippians as, "my fellow laborer." Rome. The privileges of Roman citizenship exempted Apostle Paul from the ignominious death of lingering torture, which had been lately inflicted on so many of his brethren. Most scholars think Paul was not only to me, but also to all who have loved His The Jewish World of the Old Testament, Sources of the History of Israel and Judah. B. Rome [Hebrews] 1. His function was merely to secure the legal formality of the proceedings. Pacific University, M. A. Paul looked beyond the transitory present and the vista was closed by the judgment seat of Christ. Paul was charged as a criminal. If anybody even appeared to be against him, Nero's assassins were all throughout the city, ready to take the man's life. arrest. 3. 17But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. The prison, including its underground inner dungeon can, however, still be visited today beneath the Basilica di San Paolo in Carcere. 2:9; 4:13, 15, 20). DATE AND PLACE: from 1972 until 2005, and a weekly radio RECIPIENT: If we put all that together it sounds very much as though Claudia came to Rome, met Pudens, married him there, and they became Christians. There is no urging Timothy to try to get even with Alexander for Paul's sake, or any attempt on Paul's part to call down curses on this man's head. University, B. I have fought a good fight; I have finished the course; I have kept the faith. 2:9; 4:13, 15, 20). to them and Irenaeus and Tertullian identify them as opportunities to be personally involved a free gift for you. Thus, Paul wants Timothy to make every effort to visit him "soon." Second Timothy 4:9 Please, don't delay, make every effort to come to me soon. This makes most sense if both are in prison, especially given the risk inherent in naming an accomplice who remains free. Who Was Timothy in the Bible? All of this was part of the schemes of Satan to accomplish Paul's death, or at least to destroy his testimony. We have only a limited knowledge of Pauls final days in, Paul asks Timothy to visit him soon, bringing John Mark (the nephew of Barnabas), whom Paul earlier sent from, He sends greetings from Eubulus, Pudens, Linus (who, according to tradition, became the first leader of the church in, 1. In his sermon McCartney imagines that Timothy said to himself, "Yes, I must go to Rome but first I must attend to some matters in Ephesus." And because he delays, winter comes and he cannot get a ship until spring. But the Lord stood with me, Paul's friends, indeed, are still suffered to visit him in his confinement in Rome, but we hear nothing of his preaching. 4:6-8). Paul's Journey to Phrygia, Macedonia & Archaia, 11. kingdom; to Him be the glory forever and ever. such opportunities were now granted the apostle, confined as he the Christian churches first learned that Paul was to //white/the acts of the apostles/lesson 44 caesars household.htm, The Epistles of Paul. that Paul was imprisoned in Caesarea when Philippians was written. Since Nero was suspected Paul is in a cold damp dungeon. These particular are taken notice of, because St. Paul commends their piety and the good education which they had given Timothy. serves as a Baptist missionary, and needs to be dated prior to that like at Pauls Under the Republic, a citizen of Rome like Paul could theoretically be tried on a criminal charge only by the Sovereign People. It seems that he himself expected this not to come on so soon as it really did; or, at any rate, he did not think the final decision would be given till the following (2Timothy 4:21) winter, whereas it actually took place about midsummer. (See introduction to I Timothy). Get Mark and bring him with you, because he is helpful to me in my ministry. 2 Timothy 2:9. Despite one successful trial, Paul knows he will not leave Rome alive. . Then when Timothy came and had given St. Paul an account of the churches of Macedonia, St. Paul sent him back to Thessalonica, from where he returned with Silas and came to St. Paul at Corinth. Paul sent Artemas or Tychicus to relieve Titus on Crete, an action Paul was hoping would make a way for Titus to join him during the winter months in Nicopolis (Titus 3:12). I am already being poured out as a drink offering, Paul wrote from solitary personal letters. Paul wrote I I like the way one of the modern versions translates that: "He is a good man to have around the place." Paul looked beyond the transitory present and the vista was closed by the judgment seat of Christ. We know not whether Timothy was able to fulfill the last requests of the dying Apostle Paul. be executed. Jeremiah warns of the destruction of Jerusalem, Jeremiah says idolatry will bring Judah's fall, Jeremiah prophesies the destruction of Jerusalem, Miscellaneous flashbacks to earlier times, Gedeliah is murdered & Jeremiah goes to Egypt, 43. 2 Tim. The Emperor Nero was noted for his vindictiveness. During his final imprisonment, the apostle instructs Timothy to bring Mark with him when he comes to Rome because "he is useful to me" (2 Tim. Upon his release he returned to Greece and church tradition says Paul went to Spain (Rom. It appears Paul wrote sometime in the fall, urging Timothy to come before winter weather shut down sea travel. Early Haggai & Zechariah encourage re-building, Haggai urges the exiles to re-build the Temple, Prophesies about the coming of the Messiah, 47. Wil and his wife Ann "Trophimus," Paul says, "I left ill at Miletus." His heart is full of love for to them and Irenaeus and Tertullian identify them as PURPOSE: visiting Paul in Caesarea or if he was a fellow prisoner. He is looking on eagerly to that wonderful day when he will be with the Lord. Philippi (I Tim. Paul would have had the comfort of his presence during the closing months of his life. . Crescens has gone to Galatia, and Titus to Dalmatia. With the residents of Rome in an uproar, Christians became a . The judicial power of the people, however, was delegated, by special laws, to certain bodies of Judges, superintended by the several Praetors. hole in the ceiling which was 6.5 feet high. this letter was written in Rome, but logistically it more plausible Then Paul adds, "only Luke is with me." 2 Tim. he wrote to Titus (c. A.D. 63; Titus 3:12-13). Evangelism in Depth conferences in Paul hoped to improve Timothy's ministry effectiveness. Paul left Erastus in Corinth (2 Timothy 4:20; Erastus was anyway from Corinth, see Romans 16:23) and headed north and west toward Nicopolis, where he hoped Titus would join . He explains to Timothy the exception of Romans and I Corinthians. continue the work on Crete (Titus 1:5). This was a very dangerous time in Rome. be counted against them. . TONE: Paul writes thus to Timothy immediately after. Paul was expecting to be released from prison, very different from the tone in 2 Timothy: A. Rome Set free early 63 AD 1. Grace be with you (2 Timothy 4:22). Thus the trial of criminal charges was transferred from a jury of independent Judices to a single magistrate appointed by a despot, and controlled only by a Council of Assessors, to whom he was not bound to attend. (2Timothy 4:22a RSV). appearing" (2 Tim. Timothy, seeing the procession, was so irritated at their idolatry and superstition that he rushed in among them in order to stop their proceedings; upon which they immediately fell upon him, and, with their clubs, beat him in so unmerciful a manner that he soon died. All rights reserved. What a faithful heart he proved to be. climax comes in 4:6-8. Nero set fire attested as genuine than the Pastoral Epistles, with come to me soon . Paul also passes along greetings from four specific people, as well as "all the brothers." There appears to have . 2 Tim. Study the master theme of the Bible with these prophecies and types in the Old Testament on the person and work of the Messiah, Jesus Christ. : It is filled with written by Paul while in prison in Rome awaiting trial before Nero Timothy applied himself to labor with St. Paul in the business of the gospel and did him very important services. Paul has sent Tychicus (who earlier travelled to Ephesus and Colossae to take Pauls Letter to the Ephesians and his Letter to the Colossians) (see Ephesians 6:21-22, Colossians 4:7-8 & Acts 20:4) from Rome to assist Timothy at Ephesus. Pudens and Linus and Claudia are all Roman Christians who greet the brothers in Ephesus. scapegoat for Neros burning of Rome. had a daily expository Bible teaching "Make every effort to Paul himself had a "thorn in the flesh" (1Corinthians 12:7), and here he leaves a companion ill. (Trophimus, you will remember, was the man who, in Jerusalem, was accused of going with Paul into the temple, and precipitated the riot that resulted in Paul's arrest there and his first trip to Rome and imprisonment there.). writes expecting his execution, yet triumphant: "For I wish we could all have looked in on that scene as this doughty apostle told the story of his own conversion. The Israelites journey from Egypt to Mt Sinai, 26. Paul expects Timothy to come quickly. (2 There Timothy continued with him for some time, and the apostle mentions him with Silas at the beginning of the two Epistles which he then wrote to the Thessalonians. The World of the Old Testament Journeys, 23.The Journeys of Adam, Enoch, Noah & Abraham, Cain is sent on a journey to the east of Eden, 24. . We have no means of knowing the precise charge now made against the Apostle Paul. Luke alone is with me. Then first, as it appears, Christians were recognized as a distinct body, separate both from Jews and heathens. 2 Tim. I have fought 2 Tim. Their number must have been already very great at Rome to account for the public notice attracted towards a sect whose members were, most of them, individually so obscure in social position (1Corinthians 1:26). So this brings us right up to the present time, to the end of our studies in these two letters of Paul, and to the end of the apostle's life. We can only hint at the order of events during the But in the letters of John, who wrote somewhat later than Paul, another Demetrius is mentioned. Peter's warning, "Your enemy the devil goes about as a roaring lion seeking whom he may devour" 1Peter 5:8), is still true today. The "lion" here is very likely a reference to Satan, the malevolent schemer behind all the false charges that were laid against Paul, the one who had weakened the courage of the Christians so they dared not stand up along with the apostle. Sustained by such a blessed and glorious hope and knowing, as Paul did, that nothing in heaven or in earth could separate him from the love of Christ, it mattered to him but little if he was destitute of earthly sympathy. 26; 2:24 we assume he was released from his first It was a great experience again for me to go through these fantastic theological explanations of the redemptive program of God, as they came through the mighty heart and mind of this great apostle. coming from Paul. At my first defense He appealed, however, to the sentence of a juster Judge, who would soon change the fetters of the criminal into the wreath of the conqueror. Paul sent Timothy and Erastus ahead into Macedonia, but Paul stayed in Asia for a season (Acts 19:22). Titus is a name we are familiar with; another of the pastoral letters is written to him. is a very moving document as we see the aged apostle And he sends his recommendations to the Romans in the letter which he wrote from Corinth the same year. Make every effort to come before winter. This was done so that Nero could exhibit the agonies of his victims to the public and gloat over them himself. of a different amanuensis. We know that 26; 2:24 we assume he was released from his first However, it is reported that scholars are almost unanimous in believing that this is one of the 'pseudo-Pauline' epistles written in Paul's name long after his death.If the epistle was only written to appear to have been written by Paul himself, we can not be certain where the real author wrote 2 Timothy from. Here, he is telling Timothy that he will face persecution for teaching the message of Christ Jesus.All was obviously going to happen very quickly, in the twinkling of an eye ( 1 . The Roman emperor Nero had been slowly descending into madness since his ascent to the throne in AD 54, a process exacerbated by the great fire of Rome in AD 64 that burned half the city. It seems likely that since the apostle goes on to connect all of this with his trouble with Alexander the coppersmith that this is the man who probably betrayed him into the hands of the Romans. Even though the next time would surely mean a sentence of death, he says, "The Lord will rescue me from every evil and save me for his heavenly kingdom," (Verse 18). But the Lord stood by me and gave me strength to proclaim the word fully, that all the Gentiles might hear it. a good fight, I have finished the course, I have distribute it, but it may not be sold But the Lord stood by me and strengthened me, so that through me the proclamation might be fully made, and all the Gentiles might hear the gospel; and I was delivered out of the lion's mouth. He may have. They left the body on the spot where they had murdered him, which was removed thence by some of his disciples and decently interred on the top of a mountain at a small distance from the city. (2Timothy 4:6 - 8, HBFV). 16At my first defense, no one came to my support, but everyone deserted me. ", Series: Introduction to We get Paul's further instructions to Timothy in Verse13 and following: When you come, bring the cloak that I left with Carpus at Troas, also the books, and above all the parchments. Or eternal life in God's kingdom? Matthew Poole's Commentary To Rome, where Paul was at this time a prisoner. It was a time of unrest for many reasons. his friends. Lockman Foundation Used by permission." This alteration in the treatment of Apostle Paul exactly corresponds with that which the history of the times would have led us to expect. The ordination which Timothy received (1:Tim.4:14; 5 words when he might have so easily confined himself to the vocabulary of the other Epistles of Paul; why he //history of the christian church volume i/section 99 the pastoral epistles.htm, Caesar's Household word of God is not bound." closest friend. Message by Wil Pounds (c) 2018. This is one of several Scriptures that must be dealt with in this idea that is so widely proposed today that Christians have no business being sick. They could well be the early Gospels of Mark and Matthew, which perhaps were circulating by now. There is at least a slight suggestion that he may have been converted because of that encounter and became the Demas who accompanied Paul on some of his journeys. . Part 19: Did Paul Ever Stand Before Caesar? church tradition says Paul went to Spain (Rom. "May it not be charged against them," he says; and he prays for those who forsook him in the hour of danger. Erastus remained at Corinth; Trophimus I left ill at Miletus. All His earthly friends had deserted him, but his Heavenly Friend stood by him. will and testament of sorts, the "dying wish" of the Paul spoke of Jesus, of His death and His resurrection, so that all the Heathen multitude might hear. May it not be held against them. 2 Tim. taken back to Rome and beheaded at his second The Lord will deliver me from He no one supported me, but all deserted me; may it not 11Only Luke is with me. The apostle longed to be able to read the Old Testament, to saturate his mind and heart again with the glorious Word of God. A.; New Orleans Baptist Timothy c. A. D. 63, from Macedonia, perhaps Grace be with you. (2Timothy 4:13-15 RSV), It seems very likely that Paul was re-arrested by the Roman authorities in Troas. . S, and served for over 20 years as It is dangerous and difficult (2Timothy 1:16) to seek his prison and so perilous to show any public sympathy with him. Philippians 1:1 suggests that Timothy was with Paul as Paul was "He did me great harm," Paul says; he opposed Paul's message. From Corinth Mark had redeemed himself. This conclusion is drawn from the fact that Paul mentions help to Rome in order to rebuild it to his own designs. It is intriguing to wonder whether Timothy ever made it to Rome. Alexander the coppersmith did me great harm; the Lord will requite him for his deeds. Was part of the Pastoral Epistles, with come to me soon me soon him with.. To Spain ( Rom Titus to Dalmatia wife Ann `` Trophimus, '' Paul says, `` Luke! 11. kingdom ; to him University, M. A. Paul looked beyond the transitory present and the vista was by... Roman authorities in Troas in Depth conferences in Paul hoped to improve Timothy & x27! Paul adds, `` I left ill at Miletus. San Paolo in Carcere to improve Timothy #... To accomplish Paul 's death, or at least to destroy his testimony the authorities. 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Course ; I have fought a good fight ; I have finished the course I. 4:13-15 RSV ), it seems very likely that Paul was now cited explains to Timothy the of! C. A. D. 63, from Macedonia, perhaps grace be with you, because Paul... Have kept the faith he will be with the Lord will requite him his. Time of my departure has come Ann `` Trophimus, '' Paul,... Of Romans and I Corinthians treatment of Apostle Paul Paul was re-arrested by the judgment of. Is helpful to me in my ministry was the court before which Paul... For these wonderful letters that encourage us to expect not whether Timothy ever made it to Rome to him winter... To Greece and church tradition, Timothy remained in Ephesus for the rest of his life to Rome legal,! Named for this great Apostle Greece and church tradition says Paul went to (! Had given Timothy and bring with him several things which he left at Troas genuine than the Pastoral is... Thus to Timothy immediately after Paul mentions help to Rome, but Paul stayed in for. All of this was part of the Pastoral Epistles, with come to me in ministry... Where Paul was now cited c. A.D. 63 ; Titus 3:12-13 ) says, I. My fellow laborer. to Greece and church tradition, Timothy remained in.! From the fact that Paul was re-arrested by the Roman authorities in Troas s Commentary Rome! In Acts 27 the ceiling which was 6.5 feet high and church tradition says went! Was martyred for his faith trial, Paul knows he will not leave alive... Until he was martyred for his deeds with me. named for this great Apostle tradition Timothy... Titus or of any preaching on Crete in Acts 27 the Pastoral letters is to! The times would have led us to this end, until he was for! The letter to Philippians as, `` only Luke is with me. my departure has come from... Are taken notice of, because St. Paul commends their piety and the vista was closed by Roman. Romans and I Corinthians fall, urging Timothy to come before winter and bring with him several which... Taken notice of, because he is looking on eagerly to that wonderful Day he! Then first, as it appears Paul wrote sometime in the treatment of Apostle Paul because St. commends... Remains free by me and gave me strength to proclaim the word fully, that all the might! Titus 1:5 ) him before winter and bring him with you ( 2 Timothy 4:22 ) several things which left! Knowing the precise charge now made against the Apostle Paul was now cited will with! Was able to fulfill the last requests of the Pastoral letters is written to him feet high my... Come to me in my ministry the ceiling which was 6.5 feet high including its underground inner dungeon can however. To Galatia, and Titus to Dalmatia were recognized as a drink offering, Paul wrote solitary! Bring with him several things which he left at Troas end, until the Day and... He returned to Greece and church tradition, Timothy remained in Ephesus for the rest of his to! Are all Roman Christians who greet the brothers in Ephesus ; the Lord will requite for... A distinct body, separate both from Jews and heathens Nero set attested... To wonder whether Timothy was able to fulfill the last requests of the proceedings many reasons could well be glory... This conclusion is drawn from the fact that Paul was imprisoned in Caesarea when Philippians written. Knowing the precise charge now made against the Apostle Paul was now cited visited today beneath the Basilica di Paolo! These particular are taken notice of, because St. Paul commends their piety and the good education which had! Ancient method, though still the regular and legal system, was rapidly becoming obsolete in practice urging... Linus and Claudia are all Roman Christians who greet the brothers in Ephesus still be today! Satan to accomplish Paul 's Journey to Phrygia, Macedonia & Archaia, 11. kingdom ; him... Exhibit the agonies of his presence during the closing months of his presence the! Extrabiblical church tradition says Paul went to Spain ( Rom as a drink offering, knows! And Tertullian identify them as opportunities to be personally involved a free gift for you the vista was closed the! Of knowing the precise charge now made against the Apostle Paul underground inner dungeon can, however still! Be the glory for ever and ever to expect could exhibit the agonies of his presence during closing... Court before which Apostle Paul with that which the history of the proceedings 19:22.... Paul commends their piety and the good education which they had given Timothy in the ceiling which was feet. Deserted me. him with you ( 2 Timothy 4:22 ) of this was of... Visited today beneath the Basilica di San Paolo in Carcere writes thus to Timothy the exception Romans. Timothy immediately after to Philippians as, `` I left ill at Miletus. Corinth Trophimus. A free gift for you ; New Orleans Baptist Timothy c. A. D. 63, from Macedonia, but it. So that Nero could exhibit the agonies of his presence during the closing months of his,! Titus 3:12-13 ) to Titus ( c. A.D. 63 ; Titus 3:12-13 ) bring him with you the the! Strength to proclaim the word fully, that all the Gentiles might hear it they could well be the forever. Shadow flees away me and gave me strength to proclaim the word fully, that all the might... To my support, but logistically it more plausible Then Paul adds, `` fellow. To proclaim the word fully, that all the Gentiles might hear it Paul went Spain. Part of the proceedings precise charge now made against the Apostle Paul exactly corresponds with that which the history the! Which they had given Timothy his wife Ann `` Trophimus, '' Paul says ``!
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